Learning Networking: 2014

Thursday, December 4, 2014

Enable MPLS and configure LDP on Cisco Router.

Aim : Enable MPLS and configure LDP on Cisco Router.

In this tutorial:

Enable MPLS on Cisco 7200
Configure LDP
Verify the label generation and mapping using show cmd.

Network diagram:

Prerequisites / Considerations

Loopback 0 interfaces are configured with x.x.x.x/32 IP address on all routers.
FastEthernet interfaces are configured with correct IP address on all routers.
OSPF is up and running and able to reach all the subnets in network diagram.
IOS : 12.4

Configuration on router R1

! ######## R1 ########
config t

! Step 1 : Enable CEF (from IOS 12.2 onwards this will enabled by default)
ip cef

! Step 2 : Enable MPLS on global configuration level
mpls ip

! Step 3 : Enable LDP for MPLS protocol
mpls label pro ldp

! Step 4 : Limit label range form 100 to 199
mpls label range 100 199

! Step 5 : Set RID = loopback 0
mpls ldp router loop 0

! Step 5 : Enable MPLS on interface level
int fa 0/0
mpls ip

! Exit out configuration menu and save changes.
end
wr

! ######## END R1 ########

Configuration on router R2

! ######## R2 ########
config t

! Step 1 : Enable CEF (from IOS 12.2 onwards this will enabled by default)
ip cef

! Step 2 : Enable MPLS on global configuration level
mpls ip

! Step 3 : Enable LDP for MPLS protocol
mpls label pro ldp

! Step 4 : Limit label range form 200 to 299
mpls label range 200 299

! Step 5 : Set RID = loopback 0
mpls ldp router loop 0

! Step 5 : Enable MPLS on interface level
int fa 0/0
mpls ip

int fa 0/1
mpls ip

! Exit out configuration menu and save changes.
end
wr

! ######## END R2 ########

Configuration on router R3

! ######## R3 ########
config t

! Step 1 : Enable CEF (from IOS 12.2 onwards this will enabled by default)
ip cef

! Step 2 : Enable MPLS on global configuration level
mpls ip

! Step 3 : Enable LDP for MPLS protocol
mpls label pro ldp

! Step 4 : Limit label range form 300 to 399
mpls label range 300 399

! Step 5 : Set RID = loopback 0
mpls ldp router loop 0

! Step 5 : Enable MPLS on interface level
int fa 0/0
mpls ip

int fa 0/1
mpls ip

! Exit out configuration menu and save changes.
end
wr

! ######## END R3 ########

Configuration on router R4

! ######## R4 ########
config t

! Step 1 : Enable CEF (from IOS 12.2 onwards this will enabled by default)
ip cef

! Step 2 : Enable MPLS on global configuration level
mpls ip

! Step 3 : Enable LDP for MPLS protocol
mpls label pro ldp

! Step 4 : Limit label range form 400 to 499
mpls label range 400 499

! Step 5 : Set RID = loopback 0
mpls ldp router loop 0

! Step 5 : Enable MPLS on interface level
int fa 0/1
mpls ip

! Exit out configuration menu and save changes.
end
wr

! ######## END R4 ########

Show cmds to verify MPLS - LDP

Note : Various show cmds are demonstrated in this section contains cmd output for router R2 only.

R2#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 10.1.2.1, 00:28:57, FastEthernet0/1
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 10.2.3.3, 00:25:20, FastEthernet0/0
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       4.4.4.4 [110/3] via 10.2.3.3, 00:24:04, FastEthernet0/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C       10.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C       10.2.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O       10.3.4.0 [110/2] via 10.2.3.3, 00:25:20, FastEthernet0/0
R2#
R2#show mpls ldp bindings
tib entry: 1.1.1.1/32, rev 8
        local binding: tag: 200
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: 301
tib entry: 2.2.2.2/32, rev 2
        local binding: tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: 100
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: 300
tib entry: 3.3.3.3/32, rev 10
        local binding: tag: 201
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: 102
tib entry: 4.4.4.4/32, rev 14
        local binding: tag: 203
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: 104
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: 303
tib entry: 10.1.2.0/24, rev 4
        local binding: tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: 302
tib entry: 10.2.3.0/24, rev 6
        local binding: tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: 101
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: imp-null
tib entry: 10.3.4.0/24, rev 12
        local binding: tag: 202
        remote binding: tsr: 3.3.3.3:0, tag: imp-null
        remote binding: tsr: 1.1.1.1:0, tag: 103
R2#

R2#sh mpls ip binding
1.1.1.1/32
        in label:     200
        out label:    imp-null lsr: 1.1.1.1:0        inuse
        out label:    301       lsr: 3.3.3.3:0
2.2.2.2/32
        in label:     imp-null
        out label:    100       lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
        out label:    300       lsr: 3.3.3.3:0
3.3.3.3/32
        in label:     201
        out label:    imp-null lsr: 3.3.3.3:0        inuse
        out label:    102       lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
4.4.4.4/32
        in label:     203
        out label:    104       lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
        out label:    303       lsr: 3.3.3.3:0        inuse
10.1.2.0/24
        in label:     imp-null
        out label:    imp-null lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
        out label:    302       lsr: 3.3.3.3:0
10.2.3.0/24
        in label:     imp-null
        out label:    101       lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
        out label:    imp-null lsr: 3.3.3.3:0
10.3.4.0/24
        in label:     202
        out label:    imp-null lsr: 3.3.3.3:0        inuse
        out label:    103       lsr: 1.1.1.1:0
R2#
R2#sh mpls forwarding-table
Local Outgoing    Prefix            Bytes tag Outgoing   Next Hop
tag    tag or VC   or Tunnel Id      switched   interface
200    Pop tag     1.1.1.1/32        0          Fa0/1      10.1.2.1
201    Pop tag     3.3.3.3/32        0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
202    Pop tag     10.3.4.0/24       0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
203    303         4.4.4.4/32        0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
R2#
R2#

R2#sh mpls forwarding-table detail
Local Outgoing    Prefix            Bytes tag Outgoing   Next Hop
tag    tag or VC   or Tunnel Id      switched   interface
200    Pop tag     1.1.1.1/32        0          Fa0/1      10.1.2.1
        MAC/Encaps=14/14, MRU=1504, Tag Stack{}
        CA0002C40008CA0102C400068847
        No output feature configured
    Per-packet load-sharing
201    Pop tag     3.3.3.3/32        0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
        MAC/Encaps=14/14, MRU=1504, Tag Stack{}
        CA020AE80006CA0102C400088847
        No output feature configured
    Per-packet load-sharing
202    Pop tag     10.3.4.0/24       0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
        MAC/Encaps=14/14, MRU=1504, Tag Stack{}
        CA020AE80006CA0102C400088847
        No output feature configured
    Per-packet load-sharing
203    303         4.4.4.4/32        0          Fa0/0      10.2.3.3
        MAC/Encaps=14/18, MRU=1500, Tag Stack{303}
        CA020AE80006CA0102C400088847 0012F000
        No output feature configured
    Per-packet load-sharing
R2#

Full configuration for above network diagram:

Dropbox link:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/6n23yf3kalpmf4y/AAAZJmkorHn1YdD0qiHgCi1la?dl=0

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Online packet capture library : Label Distribution Protocol a.k.a LDP

Title : Label Distribution Protocol a.k.a LDP

RFC : RFC 5036

Network diagram:

Dropbox Link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/l2cwf9hndkuuu0y/MPLS_LDP_captures.pcapng?dl=0

Online packet capture:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/f2bc3794873d

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Tuesday, October 7, 2014

Online packet capture library: IP in IP encapsulation (Tunnelling IPv4 to IPv4)

Title : IP in IP encapsulation (Tunnelling IPv4 to IPv4)

Protocol : IP in IP encapsulation

Network Diagram for capture :

Dropbox link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/mfxry8p4r7kezd2/IP_in_IP_tunnel.pcap?dl=0

Online packet capture:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/fa58de541596

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Online packet capture library: OSPF_v2 - Open shortest path first version 2 (for IPv4)

Title : OSPF_v2 - Open shortest path first version 2 (for IPv4)

Protocol : OSPFv2

Network Diagram for capture :

Dropbox link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/ws79jbl5zc3ewo6/OSPF_v2.pcapng?dl=0

Online packet capture:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/6d46846350b2

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Saturday, September 13, 2014

Online packet capture library: GRE tunnel - Generic Routing Encapsulation tunnel

Online packet capture library: GRE tunnel - Generic Routing Encapsulation tunnel

Title : GRE tunnel - Generic Routing Encapsulation tunnel without encryption.

Protocol : GRE

RFC : RFC 2784 and RFC 2784

Network Diagram for capture:

Dropbox link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/2c1vlgiu6r3ruc3/IPv4_GRE_tunnel.pcap?dl=0

Online packet capture:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/1376c07f4c80

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Online packet capture library: IP MTU and Packet fragmentation

Title : IP MTU and Packet fragmentation

Protocol : ICMP and DF bit = 0

Network Diagram for capture:

Dropbox link:

Between_Router1_and_Router2_IP_MTU_1500

Between_Router2_and_Router3_IP_MTU_1000

Online packet capture:

Between_Router1_and_Router2_IP_MTU_1500 : https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/ced2396abaf1

Between_Router2_and_Router3_IP_MTU_1000 : https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/e4e0e6a21e86

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Monday, September 8, 2014

Online packet capture library: ICMPv4 (ping) echo reply successful with VLAN tag

Title : ICMPv4 echo reply successful with VLAN tag

Protocol : ICMP + 802.1Q

Network Diagram for capture:

Dropbox link:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/nxw7eb8kz3ek8ua/ICMP_with_VLAN_100_P-BIT_0.pcap?dl=0

Online packet capture:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/9fc3671d5633

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Online packet capture library: Gratuitous Address Resolution Protocol

Title : Gratuitous Address Resolution Protocol

Protocol : ARP + Is gratuitous = True

RFC : RCF 826 and RFC 903

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/c9f0fd957213

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/mhzmm404zcabrbo/ARP_Gratuitous.pcapng?dl=0

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Thursday, August 28, 2014

Online packet capture library: Address Resolution Protocol - ARP (with VLAN TAG)

Title : Address Resolution Protocol with VLAN tag

Protocol : ARP + 802.1Q (VLAN tag)

RFC : RCF 826 and RFC 903

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/55b75540f565

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/cprve25x0d0xdxw/ARP_with_VLAN_100_P-BIT_0.pcap?dl=0

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Online packet capture library: Address Resolution Protocol - ARP (without VLAN TAG)

Title : Address Resolution Protocol without VLAN tag

Protocol : ARP

RFC : RCF 826 and RFC 903

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/a64385ab3166

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/du9645avvhykhsn/ARP_without_VLAN_TAG.pcap?dl=0

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Sunday, August 24, 2014

Configuring RIP with MD5 authentication on Cisco routers

Title : Configuring RIPv2 + MD5 authentication on Cisco 7200 router

In this tutorial:

Configuring RIPv2 + MD5 authentication.
Verify RIPv2 + MD5 authentication
View routes learned on Cisco 7200

Topology:

Configuration on Local Router (R1) :

key chain RIPv2keychain
key 1234
key-string RIPv2keystring
!

interface Loopback10
ip address 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
!
interface FastEthernet0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
ip rip authentication mode md5
ip rip authentication key-chain RIPv2keychain
!
router rip
version 2
redistribute connected
network 10.0.0.0
no auto-summary
!

Configuration on Remote Router (R2):

!
key chain RIPv2keychain
key 1234
key-string RIPv2keystring
!
interface Loopback10
ip address 22.22.22.22 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
!
interface FastEthernet0
ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
ip rip authentication mode md5
ip rip authentication key-chain RIPv2keychain
!
router rip
version 2
redistribute connected
network 10.0.0.0
no auto-summary
!

Verify the routes on R1 and R2

R1#show ip route

# ---- Output Truncated ---- #

     22.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       22.22.22.0 [120/1] via 10.1.2.2, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       11.11.11.0 is directly connected, Loopback10
R1#

R2#show ip route

# ---- Output Truncated ---- #

     22.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       22.22.22.0 is directly connected, Loopback10
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       11.11.11.0 [120/1] via 10.1.2.1, 00:00:25, FastEthernet0
R2#

Saturday, August 23, 2014

Online packet capture library: Routing Information Protocol version 2 with MD5 authentication

Title : Routing Information Protocol version 2 with MD5 authentication

Protocol : RIP version 2 with MD5

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/89b6afc2a890

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/arwtteb8v70o9au/RIP_v2_Authentication_MD5.pcap?dl=0

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Monday, August 18, 2014

Online packet capture library: CDP version 2

Title : Cisco Discovery Protocol version 2

Protocol : CDP version 2

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/e83f3e2772cf

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/9zz6tld9dndlmpg/CDP_Neighbor.pcap

Disclaimer
Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.

Saturday, August 16, 2014

Online packet capture library: RIP version 2 with Plain Text Authentication

Title : RIPv2 with Plain Text Authentication.

Protocol : RIPv2 + Plain Text Authentication.

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/73e0815b1f96

Dropbox link for download:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/6ftjkvm55vfba2j/RIP_v2_Authentication_Simple_Password.pcap

Friday, August 15, 2014

Online packet capture library: RIP version 2, Request – Response datagram exchange

Title : RIPv2, Request – Response datagram exchange.

Protocol : RIPv2

Network Diagram for capture:

Link for packet capture online:

https://www.cloudshark.org/captures/314ab8871b7f

Dropbox link for download:

# Coming soon

Disclaimer

Information above is either from RFCs or it's Googled. This blog is result of my enthusiasm, desire and hard work to lean networking and share my leanings. Most of the times I’ll be using GNS3 network simulator. All I've here is collection of my findings, thanks to Google. Please do not ask for any of the software from CISCO/Juniper, it's better to Google it and try your luck.